{"id":1901,"date":"2023-01-12T10:23:52","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T08:23:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idealcofund-project.eu\/phd\/?page_id=1901"},"modified":"2023-03-15T19:42:55","modified_gmt":"2023-03-15T17:42:55","slug":"novel-two-dimensional-structures","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/idealcofund-project.eu\/phd\/phd-projects\/novel-two-dimensional-structures\/","title":{"rendered":"Novel two-dimensional structures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;2px||12px|||&#8221; global_module=&#8221;509&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;4px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider divider_weight=&#8221;60px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text=&#8221;Inicio&#8221; use_before_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; link_color=&#8221;#89B7CA&#8221; current_text_color=&#8221;#001733&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/lwp_divi_breadcrumbs][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||5px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||6px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Novel two-dimensional structures<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; min_height=&#8221;91.6px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||29px|||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>RESEARCH PROGRAMME<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>P2: Quantum materials at the nanoscale<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>PhD PROJECT DESCRIPTION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The discovery of graphene opened a new paradigm in material science. Recently, twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), a system where two atom-thick layers are superimposed and rotated by an arbitrary twist angle has emerged as a very interesting metamaterial. Interestingly, the effect of twisting two periodic systems with respect to each other results in the formation of superlattices, also known as moir\u00e9 patterns. When the graphene layers are rotated at the so-called magic angle, the moir\u00e9 pattern induces very narrow bands and TBG hosts high correlated states such as superconductivity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nowadays, twisted and untwisted multilayer graphene systems are being heavily studied. Furthermore, other materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides and hexagonal boron nitride also present interesting phenomena when two of their layers are twisted.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Importantly, in order to bring these exotic properties of TBG and related materials to novel technological devices, further theoretical studies must be carried out. For example, superconductivity has been studied only for a few twist angles in both bilayer and multilayer systems, other correlated effects are found only for certain twist angles, chemical doping or with a substrate. In addition, the bands and their topological properties appear to have an angle dependence. Therefore, it is of key importance that the fundamental understanding of this phenomena are established.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The main areas of work developed during the PhD program would be in the following:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Novel electronic and structural properties of twisted bilayer graphene and related systems. Extensions to other two-dimensional materials: hexagonal Boron Nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Stacks of 2D layers with different properties. Combinations of superconducting and magnetic layers. Proximity effects. Role of spin-orbit coupling. Emergence of new features.<\/li>\n<li>Interplay between geometric structure and electronic properties. Role of natural and induced deformations.<\/li>\n<li>Local modulations of the properties of 2D materials. Application to the design of nanoscale devices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The PhD candidate will have several options within IMDEA Nanociencia (Prof. Rodolfo Miranda) and external ICFO (Prof. Frank Koppens) and NIST (Prof. David Gundlach).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Possible secondment destinations will be: DIPC, University of Manchester (Prof. Niels Walet) and MIT (Prof. Liang Fu).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/idealcofund-project.eu\/phd\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Novel-two-dimensional-structures_1.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Novel two-dimensional structures_1&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/idealcofund-project.eu\/phd\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Novel-two-dimensional-structures_2.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Novel two-dimensional structures_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;70px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||6px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||29px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>APPLICANT&#8217;S REQUIREMENTS<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A typical background would be in condensed matter and statistical physics, with experience in modelling of materials and computational methods. High knowledge of written and spoken English is desired. The candidate is expected to have proficient programming capabilities (Mathematica, Python). The candidate should also have teamwork capacities.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||29px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>RESEARCH GROUP DESCRIPTION<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span>The main goal of the research within the group is the development of models which describe the properties of novel two dimensional materials. The best-known case is graphene, which permits the fabrication of films of widths comparable to the radius of a single atom. After the synthesis of graphene, many other two-dimensional materials have been fabricated, with a broad range of properties.\u00a0 Finally, layers of different materials can be combined, leading to \u201cmetamaterials\u201d with pre-designed features.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The models developed in the group emphasize those properties which are unique to these materials, and they include geometrical and structural features, electronic and superconducting properties and magnetic phases. We also consider devices based on these materials, highlighting those with functionalities which cannot be achieved in devices fabricated using other materials. A wide variety of techniques are applied, from numerical calculations to <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||29px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>RESEARCH SUPERVISOR<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Prof. Francisco Guinea<br \/><a href=\"mailto:paco.guinea@imdea.org\">paco.guinea@imdea.org<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Research Group website: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdeananociencia.org\/graphene\/group-home\">https:\/\/www.imdeananociencia.org\/graphene\/group-home<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" data-show-count=\"false\">Tweet<\/a><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.18.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#5D5A5A&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||29px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>ETHICS SELF-ASSESSMENT<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>1. Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Human Embryos<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; float: left;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 125%;\">Does this activity involve Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs)?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.4194%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 125%;\">Does this activity involve the use of human embryos?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.4194%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>2. Humans<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 96.1291%;\">Does this activity involve human participants?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.87092%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 96.1291%;\">Does this activity involve interventions (physical also including imaging technology, behavioural treatments, etc.) on the study participants?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.87092%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 96.1291%;\">Does this activity involve conducting a clinical study as defined by the Clinical Trial Regulation (EU 536\/2014)? (using pharmaceuticals, biologicals, radiopharmaceuticals, or advanced therapy medicinal products)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.87092%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>3. Human cells\/Tissues<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 96.7742%;\">Does this activity involve the use of human cells or tissues?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.22581%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>4. Personal Data<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.0754%;\">Does this activity involve processing of personal data?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.14888%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.0754%;\">Does this activity involve further processing of previously collected personal data (including use of preexisting data sets or sources, merging existing data sets)?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.14888%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.0754%;\">Is it planned to export personal data from the EU to non-EU countries? Specify the type of personal data and countries involved<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.14888%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.0754%;\">Is it planned to import personal data from non-EU countries into the EU or from a non-EU country to another non-EU country? Specify the type of personal data and countries involved<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.14888%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.0754%;\">Does this activity involve the processing of personal data related to criminal convictions or offences?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.14888%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>5. Animals<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 95.4839%;\">Does this activity involve animals?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.51613%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>6. Non-EU Countries<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">Will some of the activities be carried out in non-EU countries?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">In case non-EU countries are involved, do the activities undertaken in these countries raise potential ethics issues?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">It is planned to use local resources (e.g. animal and\/or human tissue samples, genetic material, live animals, human remains, materials of historical value, endangered fauna or flora samples, etc.)?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">Is it planned to import any material (other than data) from non-EU countries into the EU or from a non-EU country to another non-EU country?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">Is it planned to export any material (other than data) from the EU to non-EU countries?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">Does this activity involve low and\/or lower middle income countries?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 120.729%;\">Could the situation in the country put the individuals taking part in the activity at risk?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.23625%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>7. Environment, Health and Safety<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 97.4194%;\">Does this activity involve the use of substances or processes that may cause harm to the environment, to animals or plants.(during the implementation of the activity or further to the use of the results, as a possible impact) ?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.22581%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 97.4194%;\">Does this activity deal with endangered fauna and\/or flora \/ protected areas?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.22581%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 97.4194%;\">Does this activity involve the use of substances or processes that may cause harm to humans, including those performing the activity.(during the implementation of the activity or further to the use of the results, as a possible impact) ?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.22581%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>8. Artificial Intelligence<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 95.8065%;\">Does this activity involve the development, deployment and\/or use of Artificial Intelligence?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.19359%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 98.3871%;\">Are there any other ethics issues that should be taken into consideration?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.22581%;\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_pb_module lwp_divi_breadcrumbs lwp_divi_breadcrumbs_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"lwp-breadcrumbs\"> <span class=\"before\"><\/span> <span vocab=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/\" typeof=\"BreadcrumbList\"><span property=\"itemListElement\" typeof=\"ListItem\"><a property=\"item\" typeof=\"WebPage\" href=\"https:\/\/idealcofund-project.eu\/phd\/\" class=\"home\"><span property=\"name\">Inicio<\/span><\/a><meta property=\"position\" content=\"1\"><\/span> <span class=\"separator et-pb-icon\">&amp;#x39;<\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>Novel two-dimensional structuresRESEARCH PROGRAMME P2: Quantum materials at the nanoscalePhD PROJECT DESCRIPTION The discovery of graphene opened a new paradigm in material science. Recently, twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), a system where two atom-thick layers are superimposed and rotated by an arbitrary twist angle has emerged as a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":156,"featured_media":0,"parent":625,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<!-- wp:divi\/placeholder \/-->","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1901","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Novel two-dimensional structures - IDEAL PhD Cofund<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Novel two-dimensional structures - IDEAL PhD Cofund\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Novel two-dimensional structuresRESEARCH PROGRAMME P2: Quantum materials at the nanoscalePhD PROJECT DESCRIPTION The discovery of graphene opened a new paradigm in material science. 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